China is a country with a long history of agrarian civilization, boasting a profound and

extensive farming culture that dates back to ancient times. A wide variety of living agricul-

tural cultural heritages in different forms have been able to endure and flourish because they

are steeped in the philosophical thought and development concept of “Oneness of Heaven

and Human” cherished by our ancestors, embody the fundamental laws of agricultural pro-

duction, and are imbued with the wisdom and philosophy of sustainable resource utilization.

President Xi Jinping has frequently highlighted that, “Farming culture is a precious asset to

Chinese agriculture and an indispensable part of Chinese culture. It must not only be pre-

served but also continuously promoted and developed.” In this context, a crucial question

for sustainable agricultural development today is how to effectively integrate these im-

portant agricultural heritage systems with modern agricultural development, achieving the

objectives of “exploring to protect, utilizing to inherit, and inheriting to innovate.”

Table of Contents

North China ..................................................................................................................... 4

Beijing Jingxi Rice Farming Culture System................................................................ 6

Beijing Pinggu Sizuolou Chinese Wingnut Production System ................................... 9

Tianjin Binhai Cuizhuang Ancient Winter Jujube Orchard........................................ 12

Hebei Xuanhua Traditional Vineyard ......................................................................... 15

Hebei She County Dryland Farming Terraced Field System...................................... 18

Hebei Qianxi Chestnut Composite Cultivation System.............................................. 21

Hebei Kuancheng Traditional Chestnut Cultivation System ...................................... 23

Hebei Xinglong Traditional Hawthorn Cultivation System........................................ 26

Shanxi Jishan Plate Jujube Production System........................................................... 29

Shandong Ancient Mulberry Tree Grove at the Former Course of the Yellow River in

Xiajin............................................................................................................................. 32

Shandong Zhangqiu Spring Onion Cultivation System.............................................. 35

Shandong Leling Jujube Grove Composite System.................................................... 38

Shangdong Zaozhuang Ancient Jujube Grove............................................................ 41

Henan Lingbao Chuanyuan Ancient Jujube Grove..................................................... 44

Henan Xin’an Traditional Cherry Cultivation System................................................ 47

Northeast China............................................................................................................. 50

Inner Mongolia Aohan Dryland Farming System....................................................... 52

Inner Mongolia Ar Horqin Grassland Nomadic System............................................. 55

Inner Mongolia Ejinhorlo Agro-Pastoral Production System..................................... 58

Liaoning Huanren Jingzu Rice Cultivation System.................................................... 61

Liaoning Anshan Nanguo Pear Cultivation System ................................................... 64

Liaoning Kuandian Zhu Ginseng Traditional Cultivation System ............................. 66

Jilin Jiutai Wuguantun Tribute Rice Cultivation System ........................................... 69

Jilin Liuhe Mountain Grape Cultivation System........................................................ 72

Jilin Yanbian Apple-Pear Cultivation System............................................................ 75

Heilongjiang Ning’an Xiangshui Rice Cultivation Cultural System.......................... 78

Heilongjiang Fuyuan Hezhen Fish Culture System.................................................... 81

Northwest China............................................................................................................ 84

Shaanxi Jia County Ancient Jujube Grove ................................................................. 86

Shannxi Feng County Dahongpao Chinese Prickly Ash Cultivation System............. 89

Shaanxi Lantian Large Apricot Cultivation System................................................... 92

Gansu Diebu Zhagana Agriculture-Forestry-Animal Husbandry Composite System 95Gansu Gaolan Shichuan Ancient Pear Orchard.......................................................... 98

Gansu Min County Angelica Sinensis Cultivation System ...................................... 101

Gansu Yongdeng Kushui Rose Farming System...................................................... 105

Ningxia Lingwu Long Jujube Cultivation System ................................................... 108

Ningxia Zhongning Goji Berry Cultivation System................................................. 111

Ningxia Yanchi Tan Sheep Breeding System .......................................................... 114

Xinjiang Qitai Dryland Farming System.................................................................. 117

Xinjiang Hami Melon Cultivation and Tribute Melon Cultural System in Hami City

..................................................................................................................................... 121

Xinjiang Turpan Karez Agricultural System............................................................ 124

Xinjiang Qapqal Buhar Agricultural System in Ili ................................................... 127

Southeast China........................................................................................................... 130

Jiangsu Xinghua Duotian Traditional Agricultural System....................................... 132

Jiangsu Gaoyou Lake Wetland Agricultural System................................................. 136

Jiangsu Wuxi Yangshan Honey Peach Cultivation System ...................................... 139

Jiangsu Taixing Ginkgo Cultivation System............................................................. 142

Zhejiang Qingtian Rice-Fish Symbiotic System....................................................... 145

Zhejiang Shaoxing Ancient Torreya Grandis Forests of Kuaiji Mountain................ 149

Zhejiang Huzhou Mulberry-Dike Fishpond System ................................................. 153

Zhejiang Yunhe Terraced Field Agricultural System................................................ 157

Zhejiang Qingyuan Shiitake Mushroom Cultural System......................................... 161

Zhejiang Xianju Waxberry Cultivation System ........................................................ 165

Zhejiang Hangzhou West Lake Longjing Tea Cultural System................................ 168

Zhejiang Traditional Farming and Utilization System of Freshwater Pearls in Deqing

..................................................................................................................................... 172

Anhui Tongling White Ginger Cultivation System................................................... 175

Anhui Huangshan Taiping Houkui Tea Culture System........................................... 178

Anhui Xiuning Mountain Spring Flowing Water Fish Farming System................... 182

Anhui The Agricultural System of Quebei (Anfengtang) and its Irrigation District in

Shou County ................................................................................................................ 185

Jiangxi Wannian Rice Cultivation Culture System................................................... 188

Jiangxi Chongyi Hakka Terraced Field System ........................................................ 192

Jiangxi Nanfeng Honey Tangerine Cultivation System ............................................ 196

Jiangxi Guangchang Lotus Cultivation Culture System............................................ 199

Fujian Fuzhou Jasmine Cultivation and Tea Culture System.................................... 202

Fujian Youxi Lianhe Terraced Fields........................................................................ 205Fujian Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System............................................................ 209

Fujian Fuding White Tea Culture System................................................................. 212

Central and Southern China ....................................................................................... 216

Hubei Chibi Yangloudong Brick Tea Cultural System............................................. 218

Hubei Enshi Yulu Tea Culture System ..................................................................... 221

Hunan Xinhua Ziquejie Terraced Fields................................................................... 224

Hunan Xinhuang Dongcang Red Rice Cultivation System....................................... 227

Hunan Huayuan Zila Tribute Rice Composite Cultivation System........................... 230

Hunan Xintian Three-Flavor Chili Pepper Cultivation System................................. 233

Guangdong Chao’an Fenghuang Dancong Tea Culture System............................... 236

Guangxi Longsheng Longji Terraced Field System.................................................. 239

Guangxi Long’an Zhuang “Na Culture” Rice Cultivation Culture System............... 243

Guangxi Gongcheng Moon Persimmon Cultivation System .................................... 246

Hainan Haikou Yangshan Lychee Cultivation System ............................................. 249

Hainan Qiongzhong Shanlan Rice Cultivation Culture System................................ 252

Southwest China.......................................................................................................... 256

Chongqing Shizhu Coptis Chinensis Production System.......................................... 258

Sichuan Meigu Tartary Buckwheat Cultivation System ........................................... 262

Sichuan Mengding Mountain Tea Culture System in Mingshan District.................. 265

Sichuan Cangxi Snow Pear Cultivation System........................................................ 269

Sichuan The Traditional Cultivation System of Magnolia Biondii Flower in Jiangyou

..................................................................................................................................... 272

Sichuan Yanting Leizu Sericulture Production System ............................................ 275

Guizhou Congjiang Dongxiang Rice-Fish-Duck Composite System ....................... 279

Guizhou Huaxi Ancient Tea Trees and Tea Culture System..................................... 283

Yunnan Honghe Hani Rice Terracing System .......................................................... 286

Yunnan Pu’er Ancient Tea Plantations and Tea Culture System.............................. 290

Yunnan Jianchuan Rice-Wheat Double Cropping System........................................ 294

Yunnan Guangnan Babao Rice Cultivation Ecosystem ............................................ 297

Yunnan Shuangjiang Mengku Ancient Tea Plantations and Tea Culture System .... 300

Yunnan Yangbi Walnut-Crop Composite System..................................................... 303

Yunnan Tengchong Binglang River Buffalo Farming System.................................. 306